西游记》解读 ——山西 李安纲
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<p class="MsoNormal" style=""><b><span style="font-size: 22pt; font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">西游记》解读</span></b><span style="font-size: 4pt;" lang="EN-US"><br>
</span><span class="t41"><span lang="EN-US">——</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">山西</span><span lang="ZH-CN"> </span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">李安纲</span><span lang="ZH-CN"> </span></span><span style="font-size: 4pt;" lang="EN-US"><br>
</span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">《西游记》是一部伟大的文化小说，产生于明代中叶。这一时代，正是三教合一思想的完善期，尤其是出现了以陆、王为代表的心学体系。因此，作为这个时代的思想文化产物，《西游记》所表现的就是心学体系和三教合一思想。三教之所以能够合一，全在心性之学。儒曰尽心知性，道曰识心见性，佛曰明心见性。心性之学成了宗教和哲学所探讨追索的根本。所以在明代中叶出现了一部研究心性之学的理论著作</span><span lang="EN-US">——</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">《性命圭旨》和一部表现心性之学的文学著作</span><span lang="EN-US">——</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">《西游记》。《性命圭旨》暂时不谈，只谈谈《西游记》所表现的心性学。</span><span lang="ZH-CN"> </span></span><span style="font-size: 4pt;" lang="EN-US"><br>
</span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">首先，《西游记》的核心，应该是</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">西游</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">二字，而且开宗明义的诗篇末联为</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">欲知造化会元功，须看《西游释厄传》。</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">可见《西游记》要表现的就是</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">造化会元功</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">。造化指大自然创造化育，返本还原的事业和功用。这里包含着三个过程：万物由大自然化育生出，又回复到大自然中去，即大自然（元）</span><span lang="EN-US">→</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">万物</span><span lang="EN-US">→</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">大自然（元）的公式。这就是有无相生，阴阳互转的宇宙规律。万物由死而生，由生而死，生死相续，本无差别。所以，死的意义在于生，生的意义在于死。吕洞宾就说过：</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">生时学死，死时学生。</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">然而，世人妄念，贪生而恶死，自然违背了生死相续的规律，便会受到大自然的惩罚，遂导致了各种灾难和病痛。那么，要消除这些痛苦灾厄，最好的办法就是顺应自然的规律，生时学死，走向死亡。这并不是让人去自杀，因为自杀只能破坏生命的过程，也是违背自然规律的。其实生与死，也即是有与无，实与空。所谓走向死亡，无非是让你达到一种空无的状态，精神进入涅媻自在，这就是王重阳所讲，行的</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">活死人</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">。做了</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">活死人</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">，就已经完成了</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">造会元</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">的过程，与自然规律相同一，自然就无灾无厄。所以说，</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">释厄</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">是目的，走向虚空是手段，那么，西游与走向虚空有什么关系呢？</span><span lang="ZH-CN"> </span></span><span style="font-size: 4pt;" lang="EN-US"><br>
</span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">从三教来讲，所谓西游，都是要走向虚空、拥抱虚空，才能救护生命。这就是生为死，死为生。因为西方是虚空，能与虚空融为一体，自可不生不灭，不垢不净，不增不减，所以西天有如来佛永住涅褩境界而无所从来，无所从去。一部《西游记》，即教人象孙悟空一样走向虚空，去掉一切凡心、圣心、道心、佛心而进入金刚之心，成佛作祖，无苦无乐，生死两忘，所以也就是一部心历路程。</span><span lang="ZH-CN"> </span></span><span style="font-size: 4pt;" lang="EN-US"><br>
</span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">《西游记》一百回，孙悟空贯彻始终，是主人公。他生自于一块巨石之中，形状为猴，称做</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">心猿</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">，反过来就是</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">猿心</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">（元心），即根本之心，金刚之心。他由位于天地之中饱受日精月华、按九宫八卦、二十四节、七十二候排列的巨石中诞生，先是一个圆石卵，即无极生太极；迎风化一石猴，是太极中的一点真阳。五官四肢具备，是有肉体，为阳；目运两道金光，是有神，为阴；这是太极生两仪。而阴阳化生，服饵水食，以致于那两道金光便潜息不见，进入深层意识，从而生死流转。这就是</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">造化</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">。他既然是元心，尽管金光潜息，但灵光不灭，所以玩耍之际，也要探看源头，于是找到了水帘洞。石猴</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">瞑目蹲身</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">，是在致虚守静；然后一纵入洞，看见一座明朗的铁板桥，</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">桥下水冲贯于石窍之间，倒挂流出去，遮闭了桥门。</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">这是一个字谜：桥下水倒挂，是个捺勾，流出去的是三点水，合起来是个心字，所以水帘洞就是心洞。不仅如此，花果山也是心山，因为山上的</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">花果</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">只有</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">仙桃</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">。猴子爱吃桃，跟祖师学道吃了七次饱桃，上天管王母蟠桃园，取经路上采的野果也是桃，可见桃与他的关系甚深。桃形象心，与心猿相合，正是心心相印。因此，这</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">花果山福地，水帘洞洞天</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">，正是心之山洞、心源，所以石猴会说：</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">桥那边是一座天造地设的家当。</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">这家当自然是指心的住所，而且是先天的，所以是</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">却是有人家居住一般</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">。众猴原先住过，只是后来忘了；如今到了心地安下了家，夜不至于四方流转了。石猴称</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">美猴王</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">，是来自于《易经</span><span lang="EN-US">·</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">坤文言》的六句话：</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">黄中通理，正位居体，美在其中，而畅于四肢，发于事业，美之至也，</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">水帘洞是中，道家说</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">抱中守一</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">，所以进洞的石猴就是一，一在中里边是</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">申</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">字，申又配猴，所以称</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">美猴</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">，就是</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">美在其中</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">四字。之所以称</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">王</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">，是因为《尚书</span><span lang="EN-US">·</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">大禹谟》中的</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">允执厥中</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">四字，白话即是</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">公平地掌握他的中心所在</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">。能够掌握中心的，可见是中心的王，所以《礼记</span><span lang="EN-US">·</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">礼运》中说：</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">王中心无为，以守至正。</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">至《</span><span lang="EN-US">-</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">性命圭旨</span><span lang="EN-US">·</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">安神祖窍》曰：</span><span lang="EN-US">“‘</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">允执厥中</span><span lang="EN-US">’</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">者，《记》之所谓</span><span lang="EN-US">‘</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">王中心无为，以守至正</span><span lang="EN-US">’</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">者是也。夫曰</span><span lang="EN-US">‘</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">王中心</span><span lang="EN-US">’</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">者，盖以一点之仁，主此中心之中，而命由此立，性由此存。此两者同出异名，原是窍中旧物，如今复反窍中，则蒙庄所谓南海之倏，北海之忽，相遇于混沌之地矣。</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">这一段所说，即谓美猴王本是水帘洞中原物，如今流转之后，复归于混沌之地，是心中之王，是天君，是宇宙之君。所以，要认识水帘洞为心源，就得走出去再回来，有了距离才能有真正的体认。就是苏东坡《题西林壁》中说的：</span><span lang="ZH-CN"> </span></span><span style="font-size: 4pt;" lang="EN-US"><br>
</span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">横看成岭侧成峰，远近高低各不同。</span><span lang="ZH-CN"> </span></span><span style="font-size: 4pt;" lang="EN-US"><br>
</span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">不识庐山真面目，之缘身在此山中。</span><span lang="ZH-CN"> </span></span><span style="font-size: 4pt;" lang="EN-US"><br>
</span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">因此，美猴王为了认识本心，获得长生不死之法，便出了水帘洞，离了花果山去求仙访道。</span><span lang="ZH-CN"> </span></span><span style="font-size: 4pt;" lang="EN-US"><br>
</span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">历经了千辛万苦，一路西去，这是逐步地走向虚空。果然到了西牛贺洲的祖师洞前，看见</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">洞门紧闭，静悄悄杳无人迹</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">，这是坤卦虚空之象，因为《易</span><span lang="EN-US">·</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">系辞下》云：</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">辟户谓之乾，阖户谓之坤。</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">门关着就是坤，代表着空，说明悟空已经虚极静笃而进入虚空。忽然回头，看见悬崖上立有十个大字：</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">灵台方寸山，斜月三星洞。</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">灵台是心，儒称灵台，佛称灵山，道称灵关，《西游记》第</span><span lang="EN-US">85</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">回就引用了一首禅诗：</span><span lang="ZH-CN"> </span></span><span style="font-size: 4pt;" lang="EN-US"><br>
</span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">佛在灵山莫远求，灵山只在你心头。</span><span lang="ZH-CN"> </span></span><span style="font-size: 4pt;" lang="EN-US"><br>
</span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">人人有个灵山塔，好向灵山塔下修。</span><span lang="ZH-CN"> </span></span><span style="font-size: 4pt;" lang="EN-US"><br>
</span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">人人平等，谁都有心，只向此心，莫要远求。</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">方寸</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">也是心。斜月是一捺钩，三星是三点，合起来亦是心字。这个无非是说祖师所居是心山心洞而已。祖师名菩提，汉意为正觉，觉悟。心山心洞所在的菩提祖师，自然是菩提心，觉悟心。猴王回头见字，即成语</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">回头是岸</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">，此岸也就是彼岸；就是</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">明心</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">，明本心中的菩提之心。因为</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">明心</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">是佛教的重要修持法门，能彻悟心性，自可长生不死：</span><span lang="ZH-CN"> </span></span><span style="font-size: 4pt;" lang="EN-US"><br>
</span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">空寂自然随变化，真如本性任为之。</span><span lang="ZH-CN"> </span></span><span style="font-size: 4pt;" lang="EN-US"><br>
</span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">与天同寿庄严体，历劫明心大法师。</span><span lang="ZH-CN"> </span></span><span style="font-size: 4pt;" lang="EN-US"><br>
</span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">能明心见性，当下即是菩提祖师，而与天地齐寿，万劫不移。美猴王西行求法，所得到的却只是本心中的菩提心。</span><span lang="ZH-CN"> </span></span><span style="font-size: 4pt;" lang="EN-US"><br>
</span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">明心之后，便要见性。也就是说，有了菩提觉悟之心，就能够见到本来面目。见到本来面目</span><span lang="EN-US">——</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">人人皆有佛性，便当下成佛。这一过程即禅宗的</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">直指人心，见性成佛</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">。所谓见性，即见本来佛性；而佛之性，却是诸法空性。因为诸法性空，无我，无常，所以众生与佛平等不二，明白此性，即顿悟成佛。祖师问猴王姓什么，他回答说</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">无性</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">，谁骂他也不恼，打他也不嗔。祖师说不是这个</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">性</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">，明显地将姓名的姓和佛性的性混为一谈，也就是说要为猴王取的名姓，已经包含着佛性和性命在其中了。《性命圭旨》说的</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">命由此立，性由此存</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">，命即名，性即姓，都是心中的本来面目。问他父母姓什么，说无父母，是说父母未生前的本来面目，即</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">有情有性</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">，有生命的都有佛性；问他是树上生的，是说一切草木皆有佛性；说他是石头里面长的，是说一切瓦石皆有佛性。尽管一切有情、草木、瓦石各自个体不同，但其本体却无所不同，皆归于空性，这空性之体</span><span lang="ZH-CN"> </span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">就是金刚心。所以祖师从他身上取姓，就要他认识本来面目。走路象猢狲，便是本性所在。去掉犬旁，剩下胡、孙二字。胡字从古从月，古为老，月为阴，因而古月即是老阴。老阴于卦象为坤，是虚空本体，亘古不移，不生不的死，所以祖师说</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">不能化育</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">，这就是</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">无</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">、是</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">奥</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">。然而猴王欲学长生不老之术，本身有了分别，而且要学变化，当然不能取姓为胡。孙字从子从小，繁体字从子从系，子为孩，系为小，因而子系便是小孩，是赤子。《孟子》中说过：</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">大人者，常葆其赤子之心者也。</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">赤子之心，不识不知，但却隐含着变化，正是猴王所要学的，所以取姓为孙。在胡、孙二字中胡为坤，是金刚之心体；孙字为纯阳，乃是金刚之心性。也是说，胡为无极，孙为太极。识得金刚之心，见得金刚之性，便成金刚之身，就永劫而不移不死了。这明心见性的功夫，在宗教修持中为性功。祖师为他取名</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">悟空</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">，即叫他修行命功，而命功也在于悟修。修什么？悟字从心从吾，能使吾心成空，或者我使自己心空的方法就是命功。因而，无论是性功还是命功，都是以认识本体和复归本体为要。不认识性空，不回复本体，要想长生不老，是根本不可能的。所以其他一切有作为的法术，通通是歪门邪道，孙悟空一概不学。</span><span lang="ZH-CN"> </span></span><span style="font-size: 4pt;" lang="EN-US"><br>
</span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">孙悟空说去上山打柴七年，吃了七次饱桃，那山叫做</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">烂桃山</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">，烂是熟的意思。桃形象心，桃熟即是心熟。《黄庭盾甲缘身经</span><span lang="EN-US">·</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">心藏图》云：</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">上智者心有七孔，中智五孔，下智三孔，明达者心有二孔，寻常者有一孔，愚痴者无孔也。</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">人格的分别乃在于心智，心本要虚灵，孔越多就越灵。比如榆木疙瘩没有孔，所以不灵；胡琴无孔便不响，玉笛无孔便无声。所以心要灵，就必然要虚；孔越多，虚的程度也就越大，因而智慧也就越高。孙悟空在祖师洞中扫洒樵炊，毫无怨言，便是磨去野性的功夫。七年过后，心桃烂熟，七孔全开，不要祖师指点，便自然通彻法理；所以听到高兴处，便不知手之舞之，足之蹈之，正是</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">心有灵犀一点通</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">，祖师为他将三百六十旁门，如术字门中的请仙扶鸾、问卜揲蓍、趋吉避凶，不能长生；流字门中的看经念佛，朝真降圣，只是壁里安柱，长生不得；静字门中的休粮守谷、清净无为、参禅打坐、戒语持斋、睡功立功、入定坐关等，也如窑头土坯，不能长生；功字门中的有为有作、采阴补阳、攀弓踏弩，摩脐过气、用方炮制、烧茅打鼎、进红铅、炼秋石、服妇乳等，更如水中捞月，长生不得。这些东西，一概被祖师斥作歪门邪道，根本与长生不老的大道相违背，孙悟空自然不学。然而，在今天的气功界，许多人还将这些东西视为至宝，崇拜得五体投地，实在该请孙悟空用他的金箍棒当头给他一棒，使这些人能够清醒过来而回头是岸。</span><span lang="ZH-CN"> </span></span><span style="font-size: 4pt;" lang="EN-US"><br>
</span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">那么大道在何处呢？到底该学什么呢？只见祖师拿戒尺在他天灵盖上敲了三下，便倒背着走了。悟空悟着了让他三更存心，从后门进步。敲三下在天灵上，是《诗</span><span lang="EN-US">·</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">绸缪》中的</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">三星在天</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">是一句意思。</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">三星</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">又称</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">参星</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">，二十八宿中又称</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">心宿</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">，半夜三更便升起在中天。让他存心，就是修心之法，别无他途。待他从后门去见祖师时，果然是祖师设的盘中暗谜，正是要他后天返还先天，此法称作颠倒，谓逆修而成仙。其法要则在于性命双修，是要从有而进空。所以他得了祖师的真诀后，出了大门，果见</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">东方天色微舒白，西路金光大显明</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">，月从东方落，而日自西路升，全颠倒了。正是</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">攒簇五行颠倒用，功完随作佛如仙</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">。成佛成仙，要靠金丹，而祖师给悟空传的是金丹妙诀，却同其他弟子谈些公案比语、外像皮毛，这是悟空心灵福至的缘分。</span><span lang="ZH-CN"> </span></span><span style="font-size: 4pt;" lang="EN-US"><br>
</span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">说到孙悟空，大家都知道他的本事，七十二般变化和十万八千里斤斗云。但是，许多气功师硬要把这说成是特异功能，其实完全歪曲了作者的本意。祖师认为悟空金丹根源坚固之后，还要防备三灾（雷、火、风）的厉害。因而悟空要学本事，但祖师嫌他没有腮，所以不传他。</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">腮</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">字从肉（月）从心从田，即是肉质的心田，心田之中一定会长出心之华苗的。有心田，能长苗，就可以学到变化，那么这变化主体是什么呢？悟空没有腮，并非没有腮，不是有句成语叫做</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">尖嘴猴腮</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">吗？其实是因为美猴王仍然是元心，还没有发展到后天人的心思。没有心思，就不会有变化，变化是人心的本能。悟空说他没有腮，但却有嗉袋，可以准折。嗉谐音作</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">术</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">，即已经具有心术。术即途，是路途之义，心路就是心灵的变化之道。已具心术，所以祖师教他七十二变，他</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">一窍通时百窍通，当时习了口诀，自修自炼，将七十二般变化都学成了</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">。可见，这七十二变不过是人的心理活动罢了，是人都会。没有任何特异之处。心理活动的一个最根本的因素，就是念头。念字从今心，现在心就是念，念头一动，就是千万里。悟空说他能覆举飞升，结果一吨饭功夫却只能去三里远近，祖师笑道说这是爬云而已。因为神仙要朝游北海，暮游苍梧，一日之间，游遍天下，才算是腾云。悟空闻说，感到非常难。祖师教他斤斗云，一个斤斗即十万八千里。所谓的斤斗，就是跟头，是念头的跳动翻腾；一念翻腾，便有十万八千里路程。而从东方到西方，从此岸到彼岸，从苦海到乐土的距离正好十万八千里。这就是说，一念善，当下即是佛国；一念迷，立即堕入地狱。地狱佛国，全在心中。正是第十七回菩萨对悟空说的：</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">菩萨妖精，总是一念；若论本来，皆属无有。佛国与魔窟，只是一念之间，正是佛由心生，魔由心生，如第十三回唐僧对法门寺的和尚说的：</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">心生，种种魔生；心灭，种种魔灭。</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">而本心之中，却一无所有，而是金刚心体。只要心念一动，便是变化腾挪。这正是佛教唯识宗</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">三界唯心</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">、</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">万法唯识</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">的教义，三界万物都是心识的变现。所以孙悟空一</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">抖擞精神、卖弄手段</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">，就变做了松树。恰好祖师赶到，将他批评了一顿，并让他哪里来仍回哪里去。因为</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">卖弄</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">已经违背了规律，有了好胜虚荣之心，离本心愈远，且会陷入生死轮转。赶他回水帘洞，是让他回归本体，抱中守一。他跟祖师所学，无非是七十二变和斤斗云。其实这都是自己本来所有，祖师不过点了点窍而已。</span><span lang="EN-US">,</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">还是那句</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">只怕有心人</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">。心既然已有，便会生心动念，有善有恶，祖师说道：</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">你这去定生不良，凭你怎么惹祸行凶，却不许说是我的徒弟。你说出半个字来，我就知之，把你这猢狲剥皮锉骨，将神魂贬在九幽之处，教你万劫不得翻身！</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">意谓其他心思都可以卖弄，唯有</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">菩提心</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">是不可卖弄与人夸口的。如果连它都卖了的话，那么神魂自然落入九幽了；没有了菩提心，岂不是万劫不能翻身了！所以悟空答到：</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">决不敢提起师父一字，只说是我自家会的便罢。</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">这里的</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">自家会</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">三字，正是</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">自家功夫自家会</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">，功夫不在身外求。人不从自身觅法，自心觅佛，临了只能是一场空，而且会误了生死大事。佛教谓</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">自归依佛</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">，而不说归依他佛，可见便是寻觅归依自性佛。认得自性佛而成就法王身，乃诸佛成就之路，所以是</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">佛不度人人自度</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">。祖师的一番话语。并非是他狠心，而正是他慈悲度人的苦衷。逼出悟空认识到</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">佛在自心，法在自身</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">，也就完成了他的心愿。</span><span lang="ZH-CN"> </span></span><span style="font-size: 4pt;" lang="EN-US"><br>
</span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">自从悟空东归水帘洞后，每一步都是在收其放纵之心，而归依自性金刚心，是在</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">会元</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">，因此我们称之为</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">心路历程</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">。回水帘洞也是用的斤斗云，正是</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">当时过海波难进，今日回来甚易行。别语叮咛还在耳，何其顷刻见东溟。</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">他第一个斩杀的便是抢走了他的子侄的混世魔王，正是在</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">收放心</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">。混世魔王是后天识神，住在坎源山水脏洞，是肾山肾洞。心本为乾，肾本为坤，结果肾王抢了心王的中爻，遂使乾变为离而坤变为坎。如今悟空杀掉了魔王，烧了他的洞府，夺回了自己的中爻，即是后天返先天，肾又变为坤而心复成为乾。他办的第二件事情，是从龙宫借宝。龙宫为下丹田，于卦属坎，中间有根阳爻乾金，称做</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">水中金</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">或</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">水乡船</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">。它是仙家至宝，是炼丹的大药，所以称做</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">神珍铁</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">。道家炼精化气，就是要从水晶宫的精水中炼出金气来。金箍棒就是元气的象征。它中间是乌铅，是金精，两边用金箍箍住，说明怕它泄露；而且它长短随心，如意变化，大到彻地通天，小到绣花针藏于耳；其重</span><span lang="EN-US">13500</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">斤，正合一日一夜</span><span lang="EN-US">13500</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">息，昼夜呼吸乃自然元气。可见这金箍棒便是元气之具象。悟空为元心元神，棒为元气；它见到大圣，便瑞气氤氤，正是心气相依、神气相抱。悟空上天入地，是因为三界唯心；金箍棒彻地通天，是由于气满太虚。到此为止，孙悟空的形象已经成熟，他的七十二变是心理活动，十万八千是他的意念跳跃，一万三千五百是由心念所形成的主张。</span><span lang="ZH-CN"> </span></span><span style="font-size: 4pt;" lang="EN-US"><br>
</span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">第三件事，是去幽冥界盗命，与盗金箍棒事相同。《老子》说：</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">窈兮冥兮，其中有精。</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">这</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">窈冥界</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">自有真精，也就是</span><span lang="EN-US">1350</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">号魂字的孙悟空。</span><span lang="EN-US">1350</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">与</span><span lang="EN-US">13500</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">数目相类，只是一零之差。金箍棒是元气，魂则是精魂，所以下地狱到窈冥界是道家的</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">神气还神</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">。将</span><span lang="EN-US">1350</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">号的神魂从九幽地狱拔出，一笔勾销，自然使之还元而不堕生死了。还元，就是合于本心。</span><span lang="ZH-CN"> </span></span><span style="font-size: 4pt;" lang="EN-US"><br>
</span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">第四件事是</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">炼神还虚</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">，上天做</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">弼马温</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">。猿代表心，马代表意，就是</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">心猿意马</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">之说。心猿生心之后，即有七十二变；念动之后，便有十万八千里；而心念之动全在于气，因而得了元气金箍棒；元气留恋元神，因而到窈冥界收回自己的元神，使神气相抱。然而，要想元气留住元神，必须控制住意识之马。</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">弼</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">是辅助、管理之意，因为意由心生，散乱不治，就会使心神不安，所以悟空上天便当</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">弼马温</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">，是要温养意识之神，一个个骠肥体壮。意识之神养好了，但却亏了心之元神，所以说</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">官封弼马心何足</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">。心不足，便嫌官小，打下天界，又回到花果山去修心。</span><span lang="ZH-CN"> </span></span><span style="font-size: 4pt;" lang="EN-US"><br>
</span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">第五件事仍是炼神还虚，上天做</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">齐天圣</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">。修心一段，便可与天相齐，即是见到了金刚心体，所以与天地相齐寿。上了天，住在齐天大圣府，一边安静司，一边宁神司，希望他能心宁神静，而他也无牵无挂，逍遥自在。后来，管了蟠桃园，意识又张狂起来，偷桃，而且三二日一次，这是丹道家七日一阳生的说法。悟空不知不觉里盗光了天地之间的阳气；后来又去偷酒、偷丹，从而炼成金刚不坏之躯。正是《阴符经》所说的：</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">天有五贼，见之者昌。五贼在乎心，施行于天。</span><span lang="EN-US">……</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">其盗机也，天下莫能见、莫能知。君子得之固身，小人得之轻命。</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">因此，孙悟空到了天上便行偷盗，是因为贼命、物、时、功、神的意识动于心，所以施行于天上，其余之人莫能得知。三盗成功，则</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">固躬</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">而成不坏的身体。这一段是心纵齐天但意却未宁，所以又打下凡去，继续在水帘洞修心。</span><span lang="ZH-CN"> </span></span><span style="font-size: 4pt;" lang="EN-US"><br>
</span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">第六件事是与二郎神赌斗，讲</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">炼神合道</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">。孙悟空为阳，杨二郎为阴，这一阴一阳的赌斗就是道：</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">一阴一阳之谓道。</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">（《易</span><span lang="EN-US">·</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">系辞上》）而恰好太上老君扔下个太极圈，太极中包含阴阳两仪，所以把孙悟空收了去。装在八卦炉中锻炼，正是炼心。七七四十九日开炉，炼成了火眼金睛；这是炼出了元神，因为眼为神所。炉谐头颅的颅，头颅之所以称</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">八卦</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">，是因为头颅有八片顶阳骨。悟空蹬倒八卦炉，就是跳出了肉体躯壳，而进入了虚空，使外虚空与内虚空相合，成为金刚心体，不生不灭。这一步道家称之为</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">弃壳成仙</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">，超然自在。但是他却把自身的内院繁华当成了金刚实景，于是留恋于灵霄宝殿，要夺玉帝的宝座。其实是不愿超出凡躯，而功亏一篑。</span><span lang="ZH-CN"> </span></span><span style="font-size: 4pt;" lang="EN-US"><br>
</span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">第七件是被如来压在五行山下，为</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">道法自然</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">。悟空要夺宝殿，坐帝位，满天神将都奈何他不得，原因是玉帝是阴神，悟空是阳神，因而只能相持不下。因为阴神是肉体的主宰，所以玉帝是人身首尾腹三界的领袖；元神是精神的主宰，他必须与虚空同体才能永存不朽。如果元神要占据肉体三界，以之为不朽，就是本末倒置，热情终究要坏。所以只有如来佛才能降伏悟空，因为他是西方虚空世教的教主。而且只有虚空才能与虚空相合，如来佛也是人体中的寂灭智慧。因为是空，无所从来，无所从去，本性如如，所以才能降伏一切。他伸出手让悟空去跳，结果就是跳不出他的手心。这就是《阴符经》说的</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">宇宙在乎手，万化生乎身</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">。宇宙就在人手掌上，万物变化也由人身而生。孙悟空尽管变化腾挪，都是有为之心，均在宇宙之内，所以他跳到宇宙的边上见到五根肉红的柱子，却无法超越开去。如来用掌把他推出西天门，就让他跳出了三界外；但有指化五行山，把他压在山下。用套语来说，这一段，他已</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">跳出三界外</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">，却</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">仍在五行中</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">。五行指金、木、水、火、土，乃是宇宙万物化生的根本元素，正是自然运行的规律</span><span lang="EN-US">——</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">生克变化，所以压在五行山下，即是</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">道法自然</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">。五行是生克规律，就是道的体用。</span><span lang="ZH-CN"> </span></span><span style="font-size: 4pt;" lang="EN-US"><br>
</span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">第八件事是</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">粉碎虚空</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">。悟空局于五行山下，住在五行之心，即宇宙的虚空之中，仍然有着自然和虚空的含义，而且是被压在其中，并非自觉。所以还须进一步，连虚空的概念也要抛掉才行。这就是五百年后，由唐僧揭贴，一声巨响，五行山粉碎，悟空跳出了虚空的牢笼，便是</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">不在五行中</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">，算是仙道成就了。连虚空的概念都没有了，进入了金刚心体，便是涅槃自在，成仙作祖。成佛后干什么？这就是丹道家所感叹的</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">最后一句没人说</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">。可是，《西游记》却甘冒大不韪，给我们揭示出来了</span><span lang="EN-US">——</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">再入轮回作众生。再来作人，渡人，求得觉行圆满而成佛。到唐僧救他时，五行山就成了两界山，也即是先后天之别。五百年前，无空是先天之心，宇宙之心，其所证的心是自己的金刚心；五百年后，他被唐僧所收，成了人之心，并且帮助唐僧取经成佛，而自己也成了佛，其所证的心是宇宙大众的金刚心。</span><span lang="ZH-CN"> </span></span><span style="font-size: 4pt;" lang="EN-US"><br>
</span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">这样看来，悟空走了三步，分为两段，前期是度己的小乘，经历了齐天大圣的儒心修持的一步和压在山中为仙的道心修持的一步，即由世间走向出世间；后期为大乘，经历了度人成佛的佛心修持的一步。这是悟空的三级跳。从中又可以看出，孙悟空成了唐僧的人心，但仍然保持着自己的先天气质和本领，也即是说人心即是圣心和仙心，是宇宙的金刚心体。不过，堕入后天，人心杂染，泯灭了本性，因此，成佛的路就是去掉凡心的路，也即去掉魔性，自然金刚心体袒露，无染无著，顿现真如。唐僧前世为佛祖座前第二弟子，其实即坤卦的中爻，只因为糊涂不听说法，遂被贬向东土，进入乾中；而乾之中爻则落入坤，遂成为东离西坎。悟空是元心元神，所以心明眼亮；唐僧凡心阴神（灵魂），所以糊涂愚痴。阴神必须投胎夺命，所以唐僧被观音派南极仙翁送入殷温娇体内，而天蓬元帅却自夺猪舍而生，因此这两个却总是相互一气。元心元性自然而然，不入轮回，所以不用投胎夺舍，这就是孙悟空本领不变，沙和尚自为妖怪。怪字一圣一心，圣人之心，就是沙僧，是人的元性。所以这二人也是一气相通。道家炼丹，讲究金木土，水火土三家相见；具体到五脏，就是肺肝脾为一家、心肾胃为一家。悟空为金，又为金公（火）；八戒为木，又为木母（水）。这二人又称铅汞化合、水火相济，但却离不开土，所以有个沙和尚（土）来调和。沙是土，土能和睦万物，因此沙和尚的作用，就是调和金公与木母之间的矛盾，使二者融而为一。那么，唐僧被称做</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">和尚</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">，也该是土；唐僧谐糖，具有粘性，比如沙糖相合，就是两个土。而唐僧正生在</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">中土</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">，所以五行土居中，合和四象。唐僧与沙僧，二土成圭，是丹道家的至宝。唐僧与八戒为一派，沙僧与悟空一派，因为两个僧而使八戒与悟空相合一。八戒为识神，悟空为元神，使八戒不胡说，专听猴哥的过程，就是转识成智（元）的过程。也即是使后天之心转为先天之心，也就到了西天。因此，西方极乐世界就是你我众生的金刚之心。</span><span lang="ZH-CN"> </span></span><span style="font-size: 4pt;" lang="EN-US"><br>
</span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">唐僧生在中国，同我们大家一样，都是东方人。只要是人，就具有人的一切特性，他能成佛，我们大家也都能成佛。那么他怎样成佛的呢？他成佛的路也就是我们的路。下面，择要谈谈人的成佛路。</span><span lang="ZH-CN"> </span></span><span style="font-size: 4pt;" lang="EN-US"><br>
</span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">第十四回</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">心猿归正</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">中，引了一首张伯端的《即心即佛颂》：</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">佛即心兮心即佛，心佛从来皆妄物。若知无物又无心，便是真如法身佛。法身佛，没模样，一颗圆光含万象。无体之体即真体，无相之相即实相。非色非空非不空，不来不向不回向。无异无同无有无，难舍难取能听望。内外灵光到处同，一佛国在一沙中。一粒沙含大千界，一个身心万法同。知之须会无心诀，不染不滞为净业。善恶千端无所为，便是南无释迦叶。</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">也是在说，心就是佛，孙悟空就是如来佛；孙悟空是心，如来佛也是心。没有心佛有无等分别念，就是法身佛，无色无相，无有取舍，这就是金刚心。金刚心产生金刚智，金刚智就是如来佛。也同观世音菩萨一样，如来佛也是一种智慧的化身。如来佛代表的是灭寂智慧，金刚智慧，虚空智慧，孙悟空心智最猖狂的时候，只有用这种无为寂灭之智去降伏，而孙悟空唐僧最终都进入金刚心智之中了。观音菩萨代表的是妙察心智，因悟空一有难解之厄，便去求助于观音菩萨，其实是求助于自心的妙观察智。通过微妙观察，返照自心，照见了五蕴皆空，自然就度过了一切苦厄。金刚心是真空，形象化就是西方；中有金刚智慧，即如来佛祖。唐僧修行，即用后天之心内观返照，逐步磨去凡心，而显露真性，寂灭成佛。所以唐僧修道，第一步就收伏心猿。心猿含义有二，一是指元心，二是指如猿猴。元心谓其本来是佛，猿心谓其好动被染，所以这一个心中有了两层：元心猿心，也同潜意识和意识一样。修心就是要把猿心变为元心，让金刚心显露。在修行人来讲，收伏心猿，就是收伏自己的野性，而发下菩提正觉心，并用此心随时觉照，剪除邪念。因为心为身君，能够成此大事。悟空归正，赐名</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">行者</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">，即谓人的修行开始，而心的修行也开始了。这是第一步。</span><span lang="ZH-CN"> </span></span><span style="font-size: 4pt;" lang="EN-US"><br>
</span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">第二步，是</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">打杀六贼</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">。六个贼名为：眼看喜，耳听怒，鼻嗅爱，舌尝思，身本忧，意见欲，原来是佛家所谓的</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">六识</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">。眼、耳、鼻、舌、身、意、六根，与外界色、声、香、味、触、法六尘相合，而产生喜、怒、爱、思、忧、欲六识。这六种意识用事，贪婪、执着、喜怒、烦恼，日益戕在本性，给心君造成极大危害，乃是修道之大敌，必须先加除去，才能专心致志。所以心猿归正后，果然容不得这般毛贼犯上作乱，一棒打杀。唐僧之所以不高兴，是因为被杀的六贼，正是人与外界接触的感官意识，等于断除了心念外驰的窗口。逼得唐僧不得不专心一志上西天，这就是</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">心猿牢拴</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">。观音菩萨变成老母送紧箍咒，即通过妙观察智而使心猿牢拴。</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">紧箍</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">照应</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">牢拴</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">。《西游记》中，如来佛给了观音三副箍子，分作</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">紧</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">、</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">金</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">、</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">禁</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">三箍。</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">紧</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">给了心猿，</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">禁</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">给了熊精，</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">金</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">给了红孩。猿心不敢放逸，因而要拴紧；熊精代表元气，与悟空</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">金箍棒</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">同类，不敢漏泄，所以被观音戴上禁箍，做了守山（肉体）大神。因为元气一尽，人立即死亡，有它守形山则人不死；红孩又称赤子、婴儿，是人的元神，元神不能乱跑，所以观音给他戴上了</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">金箍</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">，让他做了善财童子。</span><span lang="ZH-CN"> </span></span><span style="font-size: 4pt;" lang="EN-US"><br>
</span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">第三步，是</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">意马收缰</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">。古人收心猿意马，是说心如猿好攀缘，意如马好奔驰，都是修道障碍。然而，诸佛菩萨修行成道，也多是将六根转为六智，将诸障碍变为利根，所以心猿意马均可成为修道的利器。而且，意识乃是心性的延伸，是心之子，所以</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">意马忆心猿</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">、</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">猿马合作心如意</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">的说法。如今，既然心猿已经牢拴，意马自然需要收缰，然后才能一心一意上西天。而马上的鞍辔</span><span lang="ZH-CN"> </span></span><span style="font-size: 4pt;" lang="EN-US"><br>
</span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">还是观音菩萨送的，也是通过妙观察智收服的。只要这意念之马乾乾不息，一路奔走，专心专意，不愁到不了西天。也就是说，世上无难事，之怕意专人了。心意合一，志向坚定，便是修道的根本保证。</span><span lang="ZH-CN"> </span></span><span style="font-size: 4pt;" lang="EN-US"><br>
</span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">第四步，是</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">收服情识</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">。住于福陵山云栈洞的猪刚鬏，也与当年孙悟空断魔归本时，所杀的混世魔王一样，是肾山肾洞的肾主，为猪精。福陵象肾之形，云栈象脊柱之形，刚鬏是坎中之阳。坎与离相对，肾与心相对，猪八戒与孙悟空相对，一为识神，一为元神。而猪精所指挥的六贼和意识都被杀服，那么识神也该被收服了。佛家唯识宗，也就是由唐僧陈玄奘所创立的中国佛教派别，就讲的是</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">三界唯心</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">，所以要悟空；讲的是</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">万法唯识</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">，所以要悟能。悟能代表的是</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">唯识</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">的识神，悟空代表的是</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">唯心</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">的心神。这即是唯识宗的根本修持法门</span><span lang="EN-US">——</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">转识成智。就是要灭掉猪悟能的情识欲望，使其与元心相合，归为一体，当下就能成佛。而西天取经八十一难，其实都是元神和识神的矛盾所引起的。</span><span lang="ZH-CN"> </span></span><span style="font-size: 4pt;" lang="EN-US"><br>
</span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">第五步，是</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">本性回复</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">流沙河中的妖怪，乃是人的真性象征。观音菩萨为他取名沙悟净，沙为土，</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">悟净</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">是吾心净。吾心净，即是净土，西方即在眼前。依照</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">一佛国在一沙中</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">、</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">一粒沙含大千界</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">的说法，佛性遍在，如此沙一样，故而称</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">性沙</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">。那么沙悟净即代表的是真如佛性，象流沙一样虚弱无体，但却流溢于三千大千世界，是万物、三界的根本。唐僧收服了心猿，灭掉了六贼，降伏了意马和识神，心地明净，也就要见到本性了。所以沙悟净最为后得。唐僧为其取名和尚，即是要他调和猪猴的矛盾，行持中和之道，从而使取经成功。这一行五众，心、性、意、神已然合一，就要取完成</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">一体拜真如</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">的使命。唐僧和他的四个弟子心猿、沙怪、猪精、龙马，构成了人之生命的全部内容，先天为心、性，后来为情、意。灭去情意而复归于心性，则识神才能合于元神；这先后天都统一唐僧身上，他既是元神又是识神，识神泯了微露出了元神。这人的生命的五要素，都与观音菩萨有牵连，不是他送的，就是他救的。这说明一切生命的因素，都在流转生死而不自知，饱受痛苦而难拔，全凭妙观察智而得认识，合意同心方能自拔。</span><span lang="ZH-CN"> </span></span><span style="font-size: 4pt;" lang="EN-US"><br>
</span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">第六步，是</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">剿灭三尸</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">。三尸又称三彭、三虫、三姑。居于人脑、腹、足之中，上名白姑、中名白姑，下名血姑。三尸的使命就是要人速死，所以是邪魔，即现在说的生命的负能量。三姑为阴，称作</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><st1:personname productid="白骨" w:st="on"><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">白骨</span></span></st1:personname><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">夫人</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">，变作美女要吃唐僧肉，三次戏弄，三次被杀，就是因为尸体有三条。尸谓尸体，即行尸走肉的尸，如果成功，则人命难保，自然无法完成修道的使命。唐僧尽管被戏弄多次，任悟空再说，仍然对其袒护包庇，其原因即是三尸魔本是唐僧的贪婪和情欲，与猪八戒为一路货，当然唐僧舍不得。而且三尸魔的最大特点，就是先投其所好再杀人，凡人贪图其好不忍杀之，往往难逃其害。所以古人要说：</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">打杀三尸道可期。</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">好在悟空心明眼亮，忍着巨痛，毫不留情，才打杀了<st1:personname productid="白骨" w:st="on">白骨</st1:personname>夫人，扫除了前进道路上的障碍，但却付出了极大的代价。</span><span lang="ZH-CN"> </span></span><span style="font-size: 4pt;" lang="EN-US"><br>
</span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">第七步，是</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">葆赤子心</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">。《孟子》中说过：</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">大人者，常葆其赤子之心者也。</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">赤子之心是什么呢？就是没有机巧奸诈之心，不假雕饰之心。怎么是葆呢？就是保持扶养，不使其散乱。这赤子就是那</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">婴儿</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">、</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">圣婴</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">的</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">红孩儿</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">。因为心的神名为</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">丹元童子</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">，丹元的红色，童子是孩儿，所以红孩儿就是心神。他的心自然是赤子之心了。况且他又与孙悟空是叔侄关系，更是一脉相承了。孙悟空是元心，由元心中生出童心，如不加管制，自然是惹火烧身。然而在前一次乌鸡国中，正是悟空</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">神化引婴儿</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">，并使他</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">问母知邪正</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">，认得了主人公，遂使</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">三年故主世间生</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">。不过，在这里就不一样了。</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">枯松涧火云洞</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">，</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">枯松</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">是干柴，</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">火云</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">指火势，也就是说赤子之心火太旺，机诈必多，所以他驾着一朵红云火气，变作个赤条条的七岁顽童，三设奸诈要唐僧师徒上钩，伪称神父叫红百万，父亲红十万，自己则是红一万了。只有悟空识得真伪，而其余诸人均是糊里糊涂。因为</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">客邪</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">之心火旺，自然烧坏了元神本心，所以有</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">心缘遭火败</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">。甚至连妙观察智也受到妖魔的戏弄，被红孩儿化身观音菩萨，抓了猪八戒。凡水俱不能浇灭这心头之火，而且越烧越旺；只有请的观音菩萨，用妙观察智慧的三昧真水，才浇灭了这心头烧起的三昧真火，用的正是</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">金箍咒</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">。观音慈悲为怀，也就是说，观音正是用慈悲之心来降伏红孩儿邪魔之心的，恰如悟空听说的：</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">我那乖乖，菩萨恐你养不大，与你戴个颈圈镯头哩。</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">菩萨正是因为婴儿赤子永远是那个样儿，所以才给他戴上了项圈镯子（手镯、脚镯），五体俱被束缚，而且用金子，目的就是怕小儿染上了邪气。至今小儿都要戴金银的项圈和脚手镯，原因即在于此。观音将咒语一念，红孩儿便合掌当胸，再也分不开，被称做</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">观音扭</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">，一步一拜地同观音回了南海。这说明，人人心上都有个红孩儿，用观音扭和圈镯将他捆住，就长不大了，永远如赤子。所以凡观音像旁边总有一个善财童子双手合掌，永远也长不大，这才叫</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">常葆其赤子之心</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">。红孩儿长大了，赤子之心就变成了污染之心，人也就完了，之所以两手永合，就是要让本心无为；</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">无为</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">不是游手好闲，儿是不做违背规律之事，顺其自然，垂拱而知。道家认为</span><span lang="ZH-CN"> </span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">人身有位无位真人，就是原神，无所事事，他就是金刚心。</span><span lang="ZH-CN"> </span></span><span style="font-size: 4pt;" lang="EN-US"><br>
</span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">第八步，是</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">打杀妄心</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">。《即心即佛颂》中有云：</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">心佛从来皆妄物。</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">心、佛都是虚妄不实的东西，所以要断除分别之见，消灭真、妄之辩，一体同观才好。唐僧因悟空杀了几个起虎心的贼，便骂他</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">猢狲长，猴子短</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">，起了嫌弃心，大圣也</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">有不睦之心，八戒沙僧也有嫉妒之意，师徒都面是背非</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">，后来便把悟空赶走了。师徒们先起了二心，悟空真心一去，自然会出现个假心，便有了</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">真行者落迦山诉苦，假猴王水帘洞誊文</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">一回。既然</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">三界唯心</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">，真心遍布宇宙之间，妄心照样遍布宇宙之间，本来一样，无所谓真妄之分。但人心自妄，宇宙难安，于是有</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">二心搅乱大乾坤，一体难修真寂灭</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">一回。这二心搅得天昏地暗，唐僧识不得，天王辩不得，观音认不得，紧箍咒也拴不得，地藏也解不得，只有如来佛以如如寂灭之心，识破妄心根源还在自心中，因此被悟空一棒打杀，返妄为真，正是</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">神归心舍禅方定，六识祛降丹自长成</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">。神指孙悟空为元神，应居于心舍之中，唐僧禅心方定；六耳猕猴的六识之神除去之后，金丹自然成就。从此后，悟空一心不二，脱去妄心，正是中峰禅师说的：</span><span lang="ZH-CN"> </span></span><span style="font-size: 4pt;" lang="EN-US"><br>
</span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">从来至道与心亲，学到无心道即真</span><span lang="ZH-CN"> </span></span><span style="font-size: 4pt;" lang="EN-US"><br>
</span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">心道有无俱泯绝，大千世界一闲身</span><span lang="ZH-CN"> </span></span><span style="font-size: 4pt;" lang="EN-US"><br>
</span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">第九步，是</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">断灭七情</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">。人心本净，但情欲难静，古人将情欲分作七种，或六种，有</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">七情六欲</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">之说。主要指喜、怒、忧、惧、爱、恶、欲，多由六贼而起。盘丝岭盘丝洞的七个蜘蛛精，便是七情的象征。因为情欲牵缠，难以自拔，故以蜘蛛精之情来比喻。只要人心不静，自然会被牵缠。孙悟空心无挂碍，来去自由；八戒情识与妖怪同类，如同藕断丝连，所以他会身投罗网。唐僧也一样，难断情丝，所以被陷罗网，横遭侮辱。要想断灭情识欲心，必得孙行者</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">把那丝绳都搅断</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">，举棒</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">把七个蜘蛛精，尽情打烂</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">。</span><span lang="ZH-CN"> </span></span><span style="font-size: 4pt;" lang="EN-US"><br>
</span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">第十步，是</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">断灭众心</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">。尽管世上无难事，只怕有心人，修道靠心，学法靠心，度人靠心，成佛靠心，但是有心便有法，有法便有碍，有碍</span><span lang="ZH-CN"> </span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">终难成。所以人要学无心，心无法无，即是圆满法身佛。学法是要灭法，修心是要无心，成佛是要杀佛。一切心都要去掉，最后连金刚心是概念都没有了，才实现了金刚心。第七十九回</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">寻洞擒妖逢老寿</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">中，妖怪要取唐僧的心肝做药引，悟空便变做了唐僧去顶缸。他站在大殿上，</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">解开衣服，挺起胸膛，将左手抹腹，右手持刀，唿喇的响一声，把腹皮剖开，那里头就鼓都都的滚出一堆心来。唬得文官失色，武将身麻。国丈在殿上见了道：</span><span lang="EN-US">‘</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">这是个多心的和尚！</span><span lang="EN-US">’</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">假唐僧将那些心，血淋淋的，一个一个检开与众观看，却都是些红心、白心、黄心、利名心、嫉妒心、计较心、好胜心、望高心、侮慢心、杀害心、狠毒心、恐怖心、谨慎心、邪妄心、无名隐暗之心、种种不善之心，更无一个黑心。</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">尽管没有黑心，但却那么多的心，惹得妖怪说他</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">多心</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">。让他赶快收了去，果然悟空收了起了法相，说他和尚家只有一片好心。心只能有一个，多则无主散乱，所以必须除去。《坛经》云：</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">自归依者，除却自性中不善心、嫉妒心、谄曲心、吾我心、狂妄心、轻人心、慢他心、邪见心、贡高心，及一切时中不善之心，常自己见过，不说他人好恶，是自归依，就须除去多心。所以一部《西游记》整个取经过程中，唯一记载全文的是《般若波罗密多心经》。第十九回</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">云栈洞悟空收八戒，浮屠山玄奘受心经</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">，就讲的玄奘被乌巢禅师传授《心经》，意味着一部《西游记》就是在修心。如何修心呢？回自作《心经》，但文中却说：</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">我有《多心经》一卷，凡五十四句，共计二百七十字，若遇魔障之处，但念此经，自无伤害。</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">明明标出</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">多心</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">二字，并非作者不懂</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">波罗密多</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">的连着的，意味</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">到彼岸</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">，而是故意说成多心。等把</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">多</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">字去掉了，只剩一心时，就到了西天。所以八十五回悟空说唐僧：</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">你把乌巢禅师的《多心经》早忘记了也？</span><span lang="EN-US">”“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">多</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">字已经去掉，明说</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">般若心经</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">，即是</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">智慧心的经典</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">。多心变成了一心，智慧心，而且悟空还解得无言语的文字，得了真解。心猿悟透了《心经》，多心成为了一心，所以当下便到了西天竺国的给孤园。这便是</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">给孤园问古谈因，天竺国朝王遇偶</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">。</span><span lang="ZH-CN"> </span></span><span style="font-size: 4pt;" lang="EN-US"><br>
</span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">第十一步，是</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">除去九思</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">。儒<st1:personname productid="家提" w:st="on">家提</st1:personname>君子要有九种思虑：</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">视思明，听思聪，色思温，貌思恭，言思忠，事思敬，疑思问，忿思难，见得思义。</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">（《论语</span><span lang="EN-US">·</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">季氏》）君子通过这九种思虑，来防止七情六欲的侵蚀，即是</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">思无邪</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">，那么就会</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">动必正</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">，这是人为的克制，智慧的选择，是儒家成为圣人的必要条件。九思可以成圣，所以在第九十回会出现个</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">九灵元圣</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">。他是个九头狮子，狮同思音，九是九思成圣之意。而佛家则主张连这</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">九思</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">也是牵挂，应以无思无虑为宗。孙悟空想为人师，结果引出一窝狮子；要传授大道，接受的却是兵器被盗；要讲禅，却遭牵缠。本来金箍棒通脱挑达，应为第一；猪八戒九齿钉钯，处处挂碍，应该放弃。结果妖怪却将钉钯当作宝贝来供奉，两条柱杖都被放在两旁作陪衬，正是本末倒置，无事找事，自寻烦恼。这是</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">黄狮精虚设钉钯宴</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">。人有一心，一个头，也就是也；尽管灵妙，但九个头总非妙事。所以九齿钉钯引出了九头狮，众因心不清净。兵器被盗，正是要人</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">悟空</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">。无念即道即禅，有思即盗即缠。九灵元圣住在竹节山九曲盘恒洞，竹子有节是不通，九曲盘恒是缠绕难达。只有一把火把盘恒洞烧成</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">乌焦破瓦窑</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">，不执着了，九会摆脱一群狮子的缠绕。便是</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">顿脱群思，潜心正果</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">、</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">无忧无虑来佛界，诚心诚意上雷音</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">。因为佛界虚空，要不得半点的思虑分心，正如回目说的</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">师狮授收同归一，盗道缠禅静九灵</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">。让所有的师狮，授受的分别，让所有的盗道，缠禅的差异全部都泯去，让九灵的智慧劲皆寂灭，然后即到佛国净土了。</span><span lang="ZH-CN"> </span></span><span style="font-size: 4pt;" lang="EN-US"><br>
</span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">第十二步，是</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">即心即佛</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">。悟空一行四众保唐僧一路西行，历尽苦难。八戒不再牵缠，心猿已经熟顺，意马也早驯服，性沙全无垢染，唐僧也不再糊涂愚痴，师徒欢欢喜喜，灵山顿现眼前，个个脚踏实地。心性情意俱以熟驯，不再牵挂，唐僧便坐上无底船，脱胎换骨，而元神到达彼岸，顿见真如法身。正是</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">猿熟马驯方脱壳，功成行满见真如</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">。然而四个徒弟，只有悟空过得独木桥，便顿悟成佛；唐僧坐的是无底船，也成了佛，都是无倚无靠，无分无别，才能了断。是因为他们悟出了独木桥渡人，无底船接佛的道理，如慧衫法师说的</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">空手把锄头，步行骑水牛。人从桥上过，桥流水不流</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">的境界。《宝积经颂》云：</span><span lang="ZH-CN"> </span></span><span style="font-size: 4pt;" lang="EN-US"><br>
</span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">诸佛从心得解脱，心者清净名无垢。</span><span lang="ZH-CN"> </span></span><span style="font-size: 4pt;" lang="EN-US"><br>
</span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">五道鲜洁不受染，有解此者成大道。</span><span lang="ZH-CN"> </span></span><span style="font-size: 4pt;" lang="EN-US"><br>
</span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">悟空被封作</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">斗战胜佛</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">，是因为他在称圣、为仙、做佛的过程中，心明眼亮，勇战邪魔，誓不低头。其实他所战斗的妖魔鬼怪、盗贼禽兽，全是自己心中的邪恶不善、分别妄幻之念。也就是说，他所清除杀灭的是自己心中的种种污染不净之心，是在进行心灵深处的革命，而且最终胜利了，本心发现，顿现真如，就是</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">斗战胜佛</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">，也就是</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">金刚心性</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">。他难以管制之时，心性放任之际，头上便戴着紧箍儿，自取约束；心不起念，清净无垢之日，立地成佛，无挂无碍，紧箍自然退去，得大自在。唐僧成佛，是因为自己心是佛，识神亦成了佛。被封为</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">旃檀功德佛</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">，旃檀是香木名，专雕佛像；功德是供人朝拜和供奉的。意即，唐僧的佛，只是专供人奉养朝拜的用檀香木雕刻的塑像、偶像。偶像终是假，心佛方是真，所以丹霞禅师才会把木佛劈了当柴烧。如果要把偶像功德佛当做真佛，那就正如川禅师说的：</span><span lang="ZH-CN"> </span></span><span style="font-size: 4pt;" lang="EN-US"><br>
</span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">泥塑木雕兼彩绘，涂青抹绿又装金</span><span lang="ZH-CN"> </span></span><span style="font-size: 4pt;" lang="EN-US"><br>
</span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">若言此是如来相，笑煞南海观世音</span><span lang="ZH-CN"> </span></span><span style="font-size: 4pt;" lang="EN-US"><br>
</span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">八戒、沙僧、龙马各随其性而封：八戒色情难泯，为人贪婪，故名净坛使者，做了菩萨，正是</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">贪欲即菩提</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">；沙僧为人之佛性，遍在于有情、无情之中，尽管尘沙漫漫，但却无垢无染，金质不改，故封为金身罗汉，永不退转；龙马为意识之念，乃修行之关键，凡人若无此龙马精神和正意正念，西游路上则寸步难行。因而封为天龙八部护法菩萨。</span><span lang="ZH-CN"> </span></span><span style="font-size: 4pt;" lang="EN-US"><br>
</span><span class="t41"><span style="font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">总之，《西游记》一部，奥秘无穷，关键在人启悟如何。但孙悟空贯穿始终，正告诉我们心正齐天，心邪压山，心修成佛的心路三段。他生自金刚心，拥有金刚心，修持金刚心，重返金刚心。唐僧作为凡人，与圣人一般无二，只要有心，就有成佛之日。关键要有心猿的直心、八戒的苦力、沙僧的正性和龙马的精神。</span><span lang="ZH-CN"> </span></span><span style="font-size: 4pt;" lang="EN-US"><br style="">
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p> 高人高见 西游记的作者应该参考很多道家修炼的书籍，当然有很多修炼的内容。谢谢了！ 作者一悟道 还有下文吗？ 古人早就有关于《西游记》是练丹道的书籍，今人读得少罢了！ 楼主强悍。 见众道友还在受惑，在下不得不开示真实相，《西游记》一书在下从幼时看小人书开始认识，长大后看了原作，里面很多语句至今记忆犹新，但其中多有矛盾之处，如：大闹天宫一场，玉帝请来佛后，佛向孙悟空自我介绍时说：“我是西方极乐世界释迦牟尼尊者南无阿弥陀佛”，无有此理，“释迦牟尼”是佛，不是尊者，复次，释迦牟尼佛乃是娑婆世界教主，非极乐世界，再次，唐僧师徒四人西天取经后，唐僧成佛号：旃檀功德佛，悟空号：斗战胜佛，成佛可谓够快，但尚有一疑，此二人原是观音弟子，弟子成佛后，观音尚在菩萨位，有是理乎？复次，唐僧师徒取经后驾云返回故土，因81难尚缺一难，故观音施法使唐僧师徒由云间跌入水中，筹齐81难。须知唐僧，悟空既均已成佛，而成佛后具一切智，一切神通，一切威神之力，知一切世出世间法，而二位佛竟然被菩萨做法弄到水里，哀哉，哀哉，既知佛有何用，成佛还有何意义。书中还有“佛祖”，如来佛，等语，亦无此理，佛教并无那一尊佛是“祖”，因无量劫前既有佛在，并不知哪个佛是“祖”故，如来，佛，是佛十大圣号的其中两个，佛就是“如来”，如来就是“佛”，不可以重复称呼，这是概念反复。当今影视书刊亦是以讹传讹，真误人不浅，书中还有其它过错，这里不一一列举，总之，《西游记》当做小说娱乐可以，若当成是弘扬佛教的，真真不敢许可也 高人高见!!!
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