全相二十四孝诗选(百善孝为先)
本帖最后由 luo1124 于 2009-5-18 14:22 编辑<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align=center><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 8pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 新細明體; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">郭居敬與《全相二十四孝詩選》</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 8pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥"><?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 8pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 新細明體; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">《二十四孝》一書的最早的撰輯人，一直存在著不同的說法。主要有三種說法：</SPAN></P><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 8pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 新細明體; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 8pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 新細明體; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">一種說法是元朝郭居業所撰輯。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 8pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥"><BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 8pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 新細明體; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">清末鳧山人</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 8pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥"><FONT face="Times New Roman">(</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 8pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 新細明體; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">潘守廉</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 8pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥"><FONT face="Times New Roman">)</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 8pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 新細明體; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">在《二十四孝圖說並詩》的自序中說：“至元朝郭居業始將伊古以來孝行卓著者集</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 8pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥"><FONT face="Times New Roman">24</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 8pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 新細明體; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">人，名二十四孝，以昭後世。”採用此說法的有商務</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 8pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥"><FONT face="Times New Roman">1947</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 8pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 新細明體; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">年版的《辭源》和臺灣版的《增修辭源》。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 8pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥"><BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 8pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 新細明體; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">潘守廉，字潔泉，號對鳧居士，光緒十五年（</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 8pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥"><FONT face="Times New Roman">1889</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 8pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 新細明體; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">年）進士，曾任河南南陽知縣和鄧州知府</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 8pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥"><FONT face="Times New Roman">20</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 8pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 新細明體; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">多年。他就是赫赫有名的北洋政府時任財政部長、國務院總理兼交通總長潘複的父親。光緒二十五年，潘守廉任南陽縣令時主持過《南陽縣誌》編修。按理說他最清楚“嚴謹”二字的重要。他不能說明郭居業為何人就難以立說。所以，我們不能不懷疑是“郭居敬”的筆誤。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 8pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥"><BR style="mso-special-character: line-break"><BR style="mso-special-character: line-break"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 8pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 新細明體; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">第二種說法是元代郭守正所撰輯。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 8pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥"><BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 8pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 新細明體; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">清代的韓泰華在《無事為福齋隨筆》卷上中寫道：“坊間所刻《二十四孝》，不知所始。後讀《永樂大典》，乃是郭守敬之弟守正集。”這種說法為上海辭書出版社的《漢語大辭典》、商務館</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 8pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥"><FONT face="Times New Roman">1979</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 8pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 新細明體; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">年修訂本的《辭源》、臺灣版的《文史辭源》所採用。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 8pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥"><BR style="mso-special-character: line-break"><BR style="mso-special-character: line-break"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 8pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 新細明體; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">韓家是個藏書世家。韓泰華的祖父韓文綺“曾為山左安察使、右副都禦史，好聚書，築玉雨堂以儲之。”</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 8pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥"><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 8pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 新細明體; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">韓泰華自己“官疆關道，晚年僑居金陵，築玉雨堂，藏書甚富。”按理說，韓泰華的話可信度極大。遺憾的是，韓泰華也只有“乃是郭守敬之弟守正集”一句話，沒能為我們提供更多有關作者的資料。郭守敬《元史》有傳：郭泰華為元代著名的水利專家和天文學家，中統三年（</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 8pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥"><FONT face="Times New Roman">1262</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 8pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 新細明體; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">年）由中書左丞張文謙推薦出任“提舉諸路河渠”，中統四年因興修水利有功升任副河渠使，至元二年（</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 8pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥"><FONT face="Times New Roman">1265</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 8pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 新細明體; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">年）又升任部水少監，至元十三年（</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 8pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥"><FONT face="Times New Roman">1276</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 8pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 新細明體; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">年）任工部郎中。不久，韓泰華奉調到太史局，負責制訂新曆法。而其弟郭守正卻不見經傳。因《永樂大典》的大部失傳，韓泰華的話很難得到證實。現代的語言學家楊伯峻《經書淺談》考證說：“元代郭守正將</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 8pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥"><FONT face="Times New Roman">24</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 8pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 新細明體; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">位古人孝道的事輯錄成書，由王克孝繪成《二十四孝圖》流傳世間；清末，張之洞等人將之擴編至《百孝圖說》。應園先生邀請為其</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 8pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥"><FONT face="Times New Roman">86</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 8pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 新細明體; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">歲父親慶壽，陳少梅完全依照元代王克孝《二十四孝圖》內容繪製了《二十四孝圖》卷，與之相比，徐操創作的《二十四孝史》則更具個性化。”（楊伯峻《經書淺談》）即使如此，也只能說明郭守正也撰輯過《二十四孝》一書，並不能否定其他人也撰輯過《二十四孝》的事實。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 8pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥"><BR style="mso-special-character: line-break"><BR style="mso-special-character: line-break"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 8pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 新細明體; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">第三種說法是福建尤溪的郭居敬所撰輯。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 8pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA"><BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 8pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 新細明體; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">第三種說法是最有依據的說法。也是最可信的說法。因為，只有它能夠具體地說明瞭撰輯者的一些情況。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 8pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA"><BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 8pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 新細明體; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">明代著名文獻學家王圻在《續文獻通考卷七十一•節義考•孝子》中說：“郭居敬尤溪人。性至孝，事親，左右承順，得其歡心。嘗摭虞舜而下二十四人孝行之概序而詩之，名二十四孝詩，以訓童蒙。”據舊版《尤溪縣誌》載：元時“郭居敬，八都小村人，篤孝，好吟詩……常摭拾虞舜而下</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 8pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">24</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 8pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 新細明體; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">人孝行之概，序而詩之，用訓童蒙。”《大田縣誌》亦載郭居敬（字儀祖）撰集《二十四孝》。大田建縣於明嘉靖十四年（</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 8pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">1452</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 8pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 新細明體; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">年），建縣前其相當大的一塊地域隸屬尤溪縣。所以，《大田縣誌》的記載與《尤溪縣誌》所敘並無衝突。民國</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 8pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">10</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 8pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 新細明體; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">年（</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 8pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">1921</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 8pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 新細明體; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">年），商務印書館編纂的《中國人名大辭典》基本沿襲了《尤溪縣誌》的說法：“郭居敬，元，大田人，字義祖，性至孝。親沒，哀毀過禮，曾集虞舜以下二十四人行孝之概，序而詩之，用訓童蒙，虞集。歐陽玄諸人欲薦之，固辭不起。有《百香詩》。”贊同此種說法的還有中華版的《辭海》、臺灣版的《中文大辭典》等。</SPAN></P>
<P align=center><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 8pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 新細明體; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA"></SPAN></P>
<P align=center><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 8pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 新細明體; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA"></SPAN></P>
<P align=center><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 8pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 新細明體; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA"><FONT color=red><STRONG>孝心不是空口白話</STRONG></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P align=center><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 8pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 新細明體; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA"><STRONG><FONT color=#ff0000></FONT></STRONG></SPAN> </P>
<P align=center><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 8pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 新細明體; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA"><FONT color=#ff0000></FONT></SPAN> </P>
<P><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 8pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 新細明體; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA"></SPAN></SPAN> </P> 还要钱啊楼主 提倡孝道， 不应该收钱才对。。。
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